Main Article Content
Abstract
Financial mathematics is a crucial discipline for students, mainly when taught using real-life contexts such as gold and its share. It can help students develop practical solutions to financial problems. This study aimed to design a financial mathematics task for Vocational High Schools (VHS) that is valid, practical, and demonstrates potential effects utilizing the Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) approach in the context of gold and its share. The research employed a design research methodology, specifically a development study involving two primary phases: preliminary and formative evaluation. The latter included multiple stages of prototype development, beginning with self-evaluation, then expert review, one-on-one sessions, small group trials, and culminating in a field test. The study was conducted with 44 eleventh-grade accounting students at VHS 1 Jambi City, consisting of 3 students for the one-to-one phase, 6 for the small group phase, and 35 for the field test phase. Data were collected through tests, interviews, documentation, and observations. The findings indicate that the financial mathematics task designed using the PMRI approach, contextualized in gold and its share, was valid, practical, and positively impacted student learning. Students not only developed a deeper understanding of real-world financial issues but also enhanced their decision-making abilities in financial contexts. Additionally, teachers expressed a greater willingness to adopt the PMRI approach in their instruction, suggesting that this context can effectively support the teaching of financial mathematics in vocational high schools.
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References
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- Almaida, J. D. & Gallego, D. C. (2023). Dynamic and multipurpose teaching models at the first international exhibition of mathematics teaching material. Education Sciences, 13(3), 265. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030265
- Althauser, K. & Harter, C. (2016). Math and economics: Implementing authentic instruction in grades K-5. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(4), 111–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v4i4.1328
- Bakker, A. (2018). Design research in education: A practical guide for early career researchers. London: Routledge.https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203701010
- Bansilal, S. (2016). Teachers’ understanding of inflation: Developing a crystalline concept. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 48(1), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2016.1238517
- Bansilal, S. & Mkhwanazi, T. (2012). Mathematical literacy teachers’ engagement with contextual tasks based on personal finance. Perspectives in Education, 30(3), 98-109. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC125392
- Butuner, S.O. & Baki, A. (2020). The use of history of mathematics in the mathematics classroom: An action study. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology (IJEMST), 8(2), 92-117. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.v8i2.843
- Cavalcante, A. & Huang, H. (2022). Understanding Chinese students’ success in the PISA financial literacy: A praxeological analysis of financial numeracy. Asian Journal for Mathematics Education, 1(1),66–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/27527263221091304
- Damai, S., Effendi, R., & Sulaiman. (2019). The teacher achievement motivation as an intervening variable in relationship between teacher’s professionalism, principal’s leadership, and teacher’s performance of state high school in Banjarmasin city. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 2(1), 23-35. https://doi.org/10.11594/jk6em.02.01.04
- De Lange, J. (1995). Assessment: No change without problems. Reform in School Mathematics and Authentic Assessment, pp.87–172. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255041996_ Assessment_No_change_without_problems
- Dituri, P., Davidson, A., & Marley-Payne, J. (2019). Combining financial education with mathematics coursework: Findings from a pilot study. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 313-322. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.2.313
- Ediyanto, A. & Harsasi, M. (2022). Mathematics 2 Technology Cluster for VHS/MAK Class XI (K-Merdeka) [in Bahasa]. Jakarta: Erlangga.
- Ferreira, S.M. & Bisognin, V. (2020). Construction of mathematical and financial concepts based on realistic mathematics education. ACTA SCIENTIAE, 22(5), 226-253. https://doi.org/10.17648/acta.scientiae.5925
- Hikmah, N. H., Siswono, T. Y. E., & Zahri, M. (2021). Profile of collaborative problem solving among XI students in solving financial mathematics problems. Journal of Mathematical Pedagogy, 2(2), 82-91. https://doi.org/10.26740/jomp.v2n2.p82-91
- Joo, S. & Chatterjee, S. (2012). Financial education research opportunities. In D. Durband, & S. Britt (Eds.), Student financial literacy: Campus-based program development. (pp. 125–140). New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3505-1
- Latifah, N., Fahrurrozi, M.S., Z., Sumantri, M. S., & Setiawan, B. (2023). Elementary school teachers’ perceptions of Indonesian elementary school textbooks: A case study. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i1.5782
- Lusardi, A. (2012). Numeracy, financial literacy, and financial decision-making. Numeracy, 5(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5038/1936-4660.5.1.2
- Makonye, J. P. (2019). Towards a culturally embedded financial mathematics PCK framework. Research in Mathematics Education, 22(2), 98-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/14794802.2020.1752788
- Mbobo, M. E. & Ekpo, N. B. (2016). Operationalising the qualitative characteristics of financial reporting. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(4): 184-192. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijfa.20160504.03
- Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd Edition). Washington DC: SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/239700221402800402
- Muñoz, E. D. C. A., González-Calero, J. A., Aguado, C. M. D. O., & Cózar-Gutiérrez, R. (2023). Colombian future teachers’ beliefs about mathematics and its learning. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 54(8),1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2023.2170834
- Nuryadi, A, Fitiradhy, A., Marhaeni, N. H., Purwoko, R. Y., & Rumasoreng, M. I. (2023). The effects of puppet ethnomathematics applications as mathematics teaching materials for character education-based. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.02.19
- Nusantara, D. S., Zulkardi, & Putri, R. I. I. (2021). Designing PISA-like mathematics task using a COVID-19 context (PISAComat). Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(2), 349-364. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.12.2.13181.349-364
- Permatasari, R., Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2018). Uncertainty and data content in bowling: Task design. J. of Phys: Conf. Ser. 1088 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1088/1/012010
- Plomp, T. (2013). Educational design research: An introduction. In T. Plomp & N. Nieveen (Eds). Enschede: Netherlands Institute for Curriculum Development. https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/14472302/
- Pournara, C. (2013). Teachers’ knowledge for teaching compound interest. Pythagoras, 34(2), A238. https://doi.org/10.4102/pythagoras.v34i2.238
- Pratiwi, I., Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2019). Long jump in Asian games: Context of PISA-like mathematics problems. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(1),81-92. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.10.1.5250.81-92
- Putri, R. I. I. & Zulkardi. (2020). Designing PISA-like mathematics task using Asian games context. Journal on Mathematics Education, 11(1),135-144. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.11.1.9786.135-14
- Ramadhan, M. H., Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2022). Designing fractional task using the PMRI approach. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika RAFA, 8(1),1-8. https://doi.org/10.19109/jpmrafa.v8i1.10714
- Sari, R. P., Armiati, & Permana, D. (2021). Practicality of learning design based on realistic mathematics education of derivative topic for grade XI senior high school. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1940 012105. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1940/1/012105
- Sole, M. A. (2014). Financial literacy: An essential component of mathematics literacy and numeracy. Journal of Mathematics Education at Teachers College, 5(2), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.7916/jmetc.v5i2.655
- Sujiono, S., Andayani, A., Setiawan, B., & Wardani, N. E. (2023). The effectiveness of a textbook based on multicultural and contextual understanding as a learning material for scientific writing. International Journal of Instruction, 16(2), 347–368. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.16220a
- Sutiaharni, S. & Armiati, A. (2020). Development of mathematics learning devices based on realistic mathematics education for financial accounting expertise program in vocational high schools. J. Phys: Conf. Ser. 1554 012060. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1554/1/012060
- Sutiaharni, Armiati, & Permana, D. (2021). Practicality of realistic mathematics education based learning design of linear programming for financial accounting major in vocational high schools. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1940 012104. http://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1940/1/012104
- Wijaya, A., Elamini, & Doorman, M. (2021). A learning trajectory for probability: A case of game-based learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(1),1–16. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.12.1.12836.1-16
- Zulkardi. (2002). Developing a learning environment on realistic mathematics education for Indonesian student teachers [PhD Thesis]. Enschede: Twente University. https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/developing-a-learning-environment-on-realistic-mathematics-educat
- Zulkardi. (2009). The “P” in PMRI: Progress and problems. ICMA Mathematics Education Yogyakarta (Indo MS), 773–780.
- Zulkardi & Putri, R. I. I. (2019). New school mathematics curricula, PISA and PMRI in Indonesia. In Lam T.T. et.al (Eds) School mathematics curricula: Asian perspectives and glimpses of reform. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6312-2_3
- Zulkardi, Putri, R. I. I., & Wijaya, A. (2020). Two decades of realistic mathematics education in Indonesia. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20223-1_18
References
Adillah, G., Ridwan, A., & Rahayu, W. (2022). Content validation through expert judgement of an instrument on the self-assessment of mathematics education student competency. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 9(3), 780-790. http://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v9i3.3738
Almaida, J. D. & Gallego, D. C. (2023). Dynamic and multipurpose teaching models at the first international exhibition of mathematics teaching material. Education Sciences, 13(3), 265. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030265
Althauser, K. & Harter, C. (2016). Math and economics: Implementing authentic instruction in grades K-5. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(4), 111–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v4i4.1328
Bakker, A. (2018). Design research in education: A practical guide for early career researchers. London: Routledge.https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203701010
Bansilal, S. (2016). Teachers’ understanding of inflation: Developing a crystalline concept. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 48(1), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2016.1238517
Bansilal, S. & Mkhwanazi, T. (2012). Mathematical literacy teachers’ engagement with contextual tasks based on personal finance. Perspectives in Education, 30(3), 98-109. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC125392
Butuner, S.O. & Baki, A. (2020). The use of history of mathematics in the mathematics classroom: An action study. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology (IJEMST), 8(2), 92-117. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.v8i2.843
Cavalcante, A. & Huang, H. (2022). Understanding Chinese students’ success in the PISA financial literacy: A praxeological analysis of financial numeracy. Asian Journal for Mathematics Education, 1(1),66–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/27527263221091304
Damai, S., Effendi, R., & Sulaiman. (2019). The teacher achievement motivation as an intervening variable in relationship between teacher’s professionalism, principal’s leadership, and teacher’s performance of state high school in Banjarmasin city. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 2(1), 23-35. https://doi.org/10.11594/jk6em.02.01.04
De Lange, J. (1995). Assessment: No change without problems. Reform in School Mathematics and Authentic Assessment, pp.87–172. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255041996_ Assessment_No_change_without_problems
Dituri, P., Davidson, A., & Marley-Payne, J. (2019). Combining financial education with mathematics coursework: Findings from a pilot study. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 313-322. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.2.313
Ediyanto, A. & Harsasi, M. (2022). Mathematics 2 Technology Cluster for VHS/MAK Class XI (K-Merdeka) [in Bahasa]. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Ferreira, S.M. & Bisognin, V. (2020). Construction of mathematical and financial concepts based on realistic mathematics education. ACTA SCIENTIAE, 22(5), 226-253. https://doi.org/10.17648/acta.scientiae.5925
Hikmah, N. H., Siswono, T. Y. E., & Zahri, M. (2021). Profile of collaborative problem solving among XI students in solving financial mathematics problems. Journal of Mathematical Pedagogy, 2(2), 82-91. https://doi.org/10.26740/jomp.v2n2.p82-91
Joo, S. & Chatterjee, S. (2012). Financial education research opportunities. In D. Durband, & S. Britt (Eds.), Student financial literacy: Campus-based program development. (pp. 125–140). New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3505-1
Latifah, N., Fahrurrozi, M.S., Z., Sumantri, M. S., & Setiawan, B. (2023). Elementary school teachers’ perceptions of Indonesian elementary school textbooks: A case study. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i1.5782
Lusardi, A. (2012). Numeracy, financial literacy, and financial decision-making. Numeracy, 5(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5038/1936-4660.5.1.2
Makonye, J. P. (2019). Towards a culturally embedded financial mathematics PCK framework. Research in Mathematics Education, 22(2), 98-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/14794802.2020.1752788
Mbobo, M. E. & Ekpo, N. B. (2016). Operationalising the qualitative characteristics of financial reporting. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(4): 184-192. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijfa.20160504.03
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd Edition). Washington DC: SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/239700221402800402
Muñoz, E. D. C. A., González-Calero, J. A., Aguado, C. M. D. O., & Cózar-Gutiérrez, R. (2023). Colombian future teachers’ beliefs about mathematics and its learning. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 54(8),1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2023.2170834
Nuryadi, A, Fitiradhy, A., Marhaeni, N. H., Purwoko, R. Y., & Rumasoreng, M. I. (2023). The effects of puppet ethnomathematics applications as mathematics teaching materials for character education-based. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.02.19
Nusantara, D. S., Zulkardi, & Putri, R. I. I. (2021). Designing PISA-like mathematics task using a COVID-19 context (PISAComat). Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(2), 349-364. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.12.2.13181.349-364
Permatasari, R., Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2018). Uncertainty and data content in bowling: Task design. J. of Phys: Conf. Ser. 1088 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1088/1/012010
Plomp, T. (2013). Educational design research: An introduction. In T. Plomp & N. Nieveen (Eds). Enschede: Netherlands Institute for Curriculum Development. https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/14472302/
Pournara, C. (2013). Teachers’ knowledge for teaching compound interest. Pythagoras, 34(2), A238. https://doi.org/10.4102/pythagoras.v34i2.238
Pratiwi, I., Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2019). Long jump in Asian games: Context of PISA-like mathematics problems. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(1),81-92. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.10.1.5250.81-92
Putri, R. I. I. & Zulkardi. (2020). Designing PISA-like mathematics task using Asian games context. Journal on Mathematics Education, 11(1),135-144. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.11.1.9786.135-14
Ramadhan, M. H., Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2022). Designing fractional task using the PMRI approach. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika RAFA, 8(1),1-8. https://doi.org/10.19109/jpmrafa.v8i1.10714
Sari, R. P., Armiati, & Permana, D. (2021). Practicality of learning design based on realistic mathematics education of derivative topic for grade XI senior high school. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1940 012105. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1940/1/012105
Sole, M. A. (2014). Financial literacy: An essential component of mathematics literacy and numeracy. Journal of Mathematics Education at Teachers College, 5(2), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.7916/jmetc.v5i2.655
Sujiono, S., Andayani, A., Setiawan, B., & Wardani, N. E. (2023). The effectiveness of a textbook based on multicultural and contextual understanding as a learning material for scientific writing. International Journal of Instruction, 16(2), 347–368. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.16220a
Sutiaharni, S. & Armiati, A. (2020). Development of mathematics learning devices based on realistic mathematics education for financial accounting expertise program in vocational high schools. J. Phys: Conf. Ser. 1554 012060. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1554/1/012060
Sutiaharni, Armiati, & Permana, D. (2021). Practicality of realistic mathematics education based learning design of linear programming for financial accounting major in vocational high schools. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1940 012104. http://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1940/1/012104
Wijaya, A., Elamini, & Doorman, M. (2021). A learning trajectory for probability: A case of game-based learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(1),1–16. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.12.1.12836.1-16
Zulkardi. (2002). Developing a learning environment on realistic mathematics education for Indonesian student teachers [PhD Thesis]. Enschede: Twente University. https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/developing-a-learning-environment-on-realistic-mathematics-educat
Zulkardi. (2009). The “P” in PMRI: Progress and problems. ICMA Mathematics Education Yogyakarta (Indo MS), 773–780.
Zulkardi & Putri, R. I. I. (2019). New school mathematics curricula, PISA and PMRI in Indonesia. In Lam T.T. et.al (Eds) School mathematics curricula: Asian perspectives and glimpses of reform. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6312-2_3
Zulkardi, Putri, R. I. I., & Wijaya, A. (2020). Two decades of realistic mathematics education in Indonesia. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20223-1_18